Criminal law is a branch of law that defines offenses committed against the state or society and establishes punishments for those offenses. It aims to maintain public order, protect individuals and property, and deter criminal behavior. Criminal law covers a wide range of crimes, such as theft, assault, murder, and fraud, and involves the prosecution of individuals or entities accused of violating these laws. The government, rather than the victim, prosecutes criminal cases, and penalties may include imprisonment, fines, or other forms of punishment.